A property survey is a drawing prepared by a licensed surveyor that shows the precise legal boundaries of a parcel along with the location of structures, improvements, easements, and encroachments. It defines exactly what land is being bought or sold.
Surveys help identify boundary lines, confirm that structures sit within property lines, and reveal issues such as a fence or driveway that encroaches onto a neighbor's land or an unrecorded easement. Lenders or title companies sometimes require one, and buyers may order one for peace of mind.
Surveys are especially valuable for properties with unclear boundaries, large lots, or planned improvements like fences or additions. An accurate survey can prevent costly boundary disputes after purchase.